Seattle should heed the waterfront examples of its Cascadia neighbors: replace its viaduct with a surface road.
The need to replace the earthquake-damaged viaduct is clear. And the state already has $2.4 billion for the project, thanks to a gas-tax hike okayed by voters last year partly for this purpose. Priorities should be getting rid of the viaduct before it falls down, spending public money wisely and fixing the 1950s mistake that blocked off Seattle from its waterfront.
The city wants to replace the 2.2-mile structure with a tunnel, which would lack exits to downtown or to Western Avenue. But the $4 billion plan doesn’t include important steps like lowering the Battery Street tunnel and Aurora Avenue, and reconnecting the city street grid near the Seattle Center.
Since the money to do the job properly isn't in hand, pressure is building to at least DO SOMETHING. The state and editorialists increasingly favor simply replacing the Viaduct, which would cost at least $2.5 billion and be wider and taller than the existing structure. The state transportation department is considering only the tunnel and rebuild options, which would take seven to 12 years.
Seattle should instead follow the other Cascadia examples. Portland ripped out a freeway along the Willamette and now has Tom McCall Park. In Vancouver, a fully connected street grid carries traffic through downtown.
Seattle could replace the viaduct with a six-lane surface road where Alaskan Way runs now. The city could rebuild the wall that holds up the shoreline (the first billion dollars of any project) and reconnect the city street grid from the stadiums to the Seattle Center. The project would cost less than rebuilding, even after throwing in $1 billion for a streetcar or rapid-bus system connecting downtown to Ballard via Interbay and to West Seattle.
The surface-road alternative would be fast and provide plenty of capacity for traffic by reconnecting the street grid. The state’s study assumed today’s driving habits when it forecast that downtown would gridlock without a tunnel or replacement. But that would happen anyway when drivers try to avoid tunnel tolls.
Getting this done will take leadership and imagination of what can be. If the city skimps on a tunnel project or simply rebuilds the region will remember the failure for generations.